[Serie: All About Japanese Particles]

*1. “Even”

Note: This more fomal equivalent of sae (#51, No. 1) is seen most often in negative sentences.

山田さんは英語の教師なのに、日常会話すらできない。
Yamada-san wa Eigo kyōshi na no ni, nichijō-kaiwa sura dekinai.
Althought Yamada is an English teacher, she can’t even carry on an ordinary conversation.

山で救助された人たちは、疲労で動くことすらできなかった。
Yama de kyūjo sareta hitotachi wa, hirō de ugoku koto sura dekinakatta.
The people rescued in the mountains were so exhausted the couldn’t even more.

– Source: All about particles – A handbook of Japanese function words –

Introduction

In this book, I propose to clarify the functions of a considerable number of particles, to describe their various usages, and, most important, to exemplify each and every usage with sample sentences. Only in this way through context can the student truly come to grips with the Japanese particle. Difficulty level:

All About Japanese Particles: に (ni) – 2

All About Japanese Particles: ものか (mono ka)

All About Japanese Particles: ぞ (zo)

All About Japanese Particles: ぜ (ze)

All About Japanese Particles: もの (mono)

All About Japanese Particles: い (-i)