こと (koto)

JLPT N4 Grammar List

Verb nominalizer

 Formations 

Verb-casual + こと

こと is a nominalizer that turns a verb into a noun.

 Examples  

父は近所の公園を走ることが好きです。
Chichi wa kinjo no kōen o hashiru koto ga sukidesu.
My father likes running in the neighborhood park

私の趣味は、ギターを弾くことです。
Watashi no shumi wa, gitā o hiku kotodesu.
My hobby is playing the guitar.

あいつはことの重大さが ( or を) わかっていない。
Aitsu wa koto no jūdaisa ga (or o) wakatte inai.
He does not understand the gravity of the matter.

彼女のことはよく知っています。
Kanojo no koto wa yoku shitte imasu.
I know her circumstances well. (I know her well.)

父のことを考えていました。 父のことが心配です。
Chichi no koto o kangaete imashita. Chichi no koto ga shinpai desu.
I was thinking about my father. I am very worried about him.

好きなことをするべきです。
Suki na koto o suru beki desu.
You should do what you like.

病気のことを心配しているのでしょう。
Byōki no koto o shinpai shite iru no deshō.
(He/She) must be worried about his/her illness.

今日はすることがたく さんあります。
Kyō wa suru koto ga takusan arimasu.
I have a lot of things to do today.

見ることは信じることです。
Miru koto wa shinjiru koto desu.
Seeing is believing.

よく休むことが必要です。
Yoku yasumu koto ga hitsuyō desu.
It is necessary (for you) to get enough rest.

日本は地震が多いことはよく知られている。
Nihon wa jishin ga ōi koto wa yoku shirarete iru.
That earthquakes are frequent in Japan is well known.

世の中が平和になることを期待します。
Yononaka ga heiwa ni naru koto o kitai shimasu.
I hope that the world will be peaceful.

分からないことが沢山ありますので, 色々教えてください。
Wakaranai koto ga takusan arimasu node, iroiro oshiete kudasai.
There are so many things I do not know (around here), so please teach (or
help) me.

花子さんがヨーロッパに行ったことを知っていますか。
Hanako san ga Yōroppa ni itta koto o shitte imasu ka.
Did you know that Hanako has gone to Europe?

私が言ったことを彼に伝えて下さい。
Watashi ga itta koto o kare ni tsutaete kudasai.
Please tell him what I’ve said.
(Note that the above koto is used differently, and it indicates the contents
of statement.)

敷地内に入らないこと
Shikichi nai ni hairanai koto.
Don’t enter the premises.

See also


かしら (kashira)

JLPT N4 Grammar List

I wonder…

Indicates that you are not sure about something. “Kashira(かしら)” is used only by women.

 Formations 

Phrase + かしら

 Examples  

これは誰の車かしら
Kore wa dare no kuruma kashira.
I wonder whose car this is.

今、彼はどこにいるかしら
Ima, kare wa doko ni iru kashira.
I wonder where he is now.

彼は本気かしら
Kare wa honki kashira.
I wonder if he is serious.

電車に間に合うかしら
Densha ni maniau kashira.
I wonder if I can catch the train.

See also


かた (kata)

JLPT N4 Grammar List

how to (the way to do something)

 Formations 

Verb-ますstem + かた (方)

Construction:
Take the ~ます form of a verb minus the ます and then add かた.

 Examples  

箸の正しい使い方を教えて下さい。
Hashi no tadashī tsukaikata o oshiete kudasai.
Please tell me how to use chopsticks correctly.

この漢字の読み方を教えて下さい。
Kono kanji no yomikata o oshiete kudasai.
Please tell me how to read this kanji.

このゲームの遊び方がわからない。
Kono gēmu no asobikata ga wakaranai.
I do not know how to play this game.

ひらがなとカタカナの書き方を教えて下さい。
Hiragana to katakana no kakikata o oshiete kudasai.
Please teach me how to write hiragana and katakana

日本語の勉強の仕方が分かりません。
Nihongo no benkyō no shikata ga wakarimasen.
I don’t know how to study Japanese.

このはどなたですか。
Kono kata wa donata desu ka.
Who is this person?

あの方は本当にきれいなですね。
Ano kata wa hontō ni kirei na kata desu ne.
That person is a truly beautiful person.

See also


JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test #12

 Quiz Information

Name: JLPT N1 Kanji #12

Topic: [JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test].

How to do: Choose the correct kanji of underlined hiragana or correct reading of underlined kanji.

Number of questions: 15

Time: 5 Minutes

Difficulty level

Pass 70%

Other Topics

JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test #11

 Quiz Information

Name: JLPT N1 Kanji #11

Topic: [JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test].

How to do: Choose the correct kanji of underlined hiragana or correct reading of underlined kanji.

Number of questions: 15

Time: 5 Minutes

Difficulty level

Pass 70%

Other Topics

JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test #10

 Quiz Information

Name: JLPT N1 Kanji #10

Topic: [JLPT N1 Kanji Practice Test].

How to do: Choose the correct kanji of underlined hiragana or correct reading of underlined kanji.

Number of questions: 15

Time: 5 Minutes

Difficulty level

Pass 70%

Other Topics